RESPON MALAYSIA DAN SINGAPURA DALAM MENGHADAPI KABUT ASAP YANG TERJADI DI INDONESIA TAHUN 2011-2015
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56015/gjikplp.v10i3.143Abstract
The objectives of this research are to analyze the neighboring countries’ response, which are Malaysia and Singapore, in facing the effect of forest fires smoke in Indonesia from 2011 until 2015 and to analyze the Indonesian Government's feedback when getting the response from both countries. This research uses the green political theory and securitization theory to analyze the research problems. The periodization of this research is limited from 2011 until 2015 in which forest and land fires actually occur almost every year starting from the El Nino phenomenon in 1997/1998. This research is qualitative research. The result of this research indicates that even though forest fires happen every year in Indonesia but forest fires smoke does not always pass across Malaysia and Singapore. Therefore, Malaysia and Singapore do not always send the letter of complaint to Indonesia oh the forest fires smoke pollution which might disturb the activities of Malaysian and Singaporean people, particularly in the sector of health, tourism, transportation, economy and education.
References
(2012), “Himpunan Pemerhati Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia”, http://www.hpli.org/isu.php
A.A, Perwita & Y.M, Yani. (2005). Pengantar Ilmu Hubungan Internasional. Bandung: PT. Remaja Rosdakarya.
Adinugroho, W.C., I.N.N. Suryadiputra, dan L. Siboro. (2004). “Panduan Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Gambut”. Bogor: KTD. Hlm 162
Afni, Rahmi Deslianti. (2015), “Motivasi Indonesia Meratifikasi Perjanjian Asap Lintas Batas “ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution”, http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=440299&val=2274&title=Motivasi%20Indonesia%20Meratifikasi%20Perjanjian%20Asap%20Lintas
Apriwan, Apriwan. (2011) Teori Hijau: Alternatif dalam Perkembangan Teori Hubungan Internasional. MULTIVERSA
Ardhiansyah, Agis. (2016). ”KONSEKUENSI HUKUM BAGI INDONESIA TENTANG PENGENDALIAN PENCEMARAN ASAP LINTAS BATAS PASCA RATIFIKASI ASEAN AGREEMENT ON TRANSBOUNDARY HAZE POLLUTION”, Vol. XXI No. 1
Barber, Charles Victor (2001). FWI/GFW, “Keadaan Hutan Indonesia, Indonesia” (Bogor) : Forest Watch Indonesia dan Washington D.C : Global Forest Watch, https://www.wri.org/sites/default/files/pdf/indoforest_front-matter_id.pdf
BBC, (2015). “Haze chokes Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore”, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34242311, diakses pada 20 Januari 2024
BBC, (2015). ”Alasan Indonesia tolak bantuan Singapura”, http://www.bbc.com/indonesia/berita_indonesia/2015/10/151006_indonesia_kabutasap_tolaksingapura, diakses pada 20 Januari 2024
Depkes. (2015). “MASALAH KESEHATAN AKIBAT KABUT ASAP KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN TAHUN 2015”, http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/16010500006/masalah-kesehatan-akibat-kabut-asap-kebakaran-hutan-dan-lahan-tahun-2015.html
Fithria, Arin, S.IP, M.Si. (2006) “ISU LINGKUNGAN HIDUP : POTENSI ANCAMAN PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL NEGARA BERKEMBANG”.
Guhmanaff. (2014), Sekuritisasi: Atau Saat Suatu Hall (apapun) Dapat Menjadi Ancaman, http://www.suarakita.org/2014/08/sekuritisasi-atau-saat-suatu-hal-apapun-dapat-menjadi-ancaman/,
Haryati, Eny. (2017). Penganalisa Bahan dan Data Evaluasi Pengendalian Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Kebakaran Hutan dan Lahan Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup RI. Wawancara
J, Barry. (2014). Green Political Theory. London: Routlege. Hal 2 KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN, https://www.wri.org/sites/default/files/pdf/indoforest_chap4_id.pdf.
Jackson, R. and Sorensen, G. (1999). Introduction to International Relations. Oxford University Press. Hal 322-323
Lestari, Sylva. (2015). “FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEBAKARAN HUTAN DI INDONESIA DAN IMPLIKASI KEBIJAKANNYA” Vol 3 No. 1, http://download.portalgaruda.org/article.php?article=286325&val=4018&title=FACTORS%20AFFECTING%20FOREST%20FIRE%20IN%20INDONESIA%20AND%20POLICY%20IMPLICATION,
Lydiawati, Ina. (2003). “PENILAIAN EKONOMI KERUSAKAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN AKIBAT KEBAKARAN”, http://www.rudyct.com/PPS702-ipb/07134/ina_idiawati.pdf
Mast, Jerald. (2013). Dalam John T. Ishiyama & Marijke Breuning (edt). Ilmu Politik dalam Paradignma Abad ke-21. Jakarta: Kencana. Hal 726-740
Rasyid, Fachmi. (2014). “Permasalahan dan dampak kebakaran hutan” Edisi 1 no.4, http://juliwi.com/published/E0104/Paper0104_47-59.pdf
Sabrina, Anjarlea Mukti. (2014), “STRATEGI PENCEGAHAN DAN PENANGGULANGAN KEBAKARAN HUTAN DAN LAHAN”,
Suryani, Tri. (2013). Pengaruh Proses Belajar Melalui Inkuiri Sosial Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Dan Internalisasi Nilai Peduli Lingkungan Dalam Pembelajaran IPS, Bandung : UPI.
Suryani, Sri Anih. (2012). Penanganan Asap Kabut Akibat Kebakaran Hutan di Wilayah Perbatasan Indonesia. P3DI Sekjen DPR RI.
Tacconi, Luca. (2003). Kebakaran Hutan di Indonesia: Penyebab, Biaya dan Implikasi Kebijakan. Bogor: Center for International Forestry Research.
Tan, A. K. J. (2015). The Haze Crisis in Southeast Asia: Assessing Singapore’s Transboundary Haze Pollution Act. National University of Singapore Working Paper.
Yanyan Muchamad Yani, dkk. (2017), PENGANTAR STUDI KEAMANAN
