PENDIDIKAN BELA NEGARA SEBAGAI SOCIAL ENGINEERING DALAM MASYARAKAT MADURA: ANALISIS SOSIOLOGI HUKUM TERHADAP NILAI-NILAI BELA NEGARA DI KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN

Abstract

This study examines national defense as a social norm, not merely as a state policy. It draws on Roscoe Pound’s perspective that effective law is law that lives within society and serves not only as a means of social control but also as a tool for social engineering. The research shifts its focus from normative aspects to an empirical study of how the values of national defense are practiced and internalized in the social life of the Madurese community, and explores the relationship between three main concepts: the educational values of national defense, the role of national defense values as a means to change community behavior; and the capacity for social engineering of national defense values through local wisdom values among the Madurese community—particularly in Pamekasan—in fostering communal solidarity and the ability to uphold social norms. This study was conducted in Pamekasan Regency, Madura, because this region actively implements national defense education programs through activities such as the National Defense Awareness Development (PKBN) and the training of National Defense Cadres, and because the community is deeply rooted in values of religiosity, social solidarity, and obedience to community leaders. The research method used was a case study, with data collected through interviews, observations, and focus group discussions (FGDs). The results indicate that various practices of national defense can be understood as concrete manifestations of the internalization of national defense values.