KEGAGALAN KELAS MENENGAH INDONESIA MELAWAN POPULISME DAN KEMUNDURAN DEMOKRASI DALAM PILPRES 2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56015/gjikplp.v13i8.1210Keywords:
Kelas Menengah, Kemunduran Demokrasi, Populisme, Pemilu 2024, OtokratisasiAbstract
Penelitian ini membahas peran kelas menengah Indonesia dalam tren kemunduran demokrasi (democratic backsliding), dengan menyoroti pemilihan umum 2024 sebagai konteks terbaru. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelas menengah Indonesia gagal membendung kebangkitan populisme dan tren otokratisasi yang semakin mengikis kualitas demokrasi. Kegagalan ini bukan fenomena tunggal, melainkan akumulasi faktor historis dan struktural, seperti ketergantungan kelas menengah pada negara, politik transaksional, fragementasi internal, dan prioritas pada stabilitas ekonomi ketimbang nilai demokrasi substantif. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan analisis tematik terhadap literatur akademik, laporan lembaga kredibel, serta media nasional dan internasional terkait isu kelas menengah dan demokrasi di Indonesia. Hasil analisis menegaskan bahwa karakteristik historis kelas menengah yang rapuh dan ketergantungan pada negara membuat mereka permisif terhadap figur populis. Fenomena ini tercermin dalam kemenangan Prabowo-Gibran pada pemilu 2024, yang didukung mayoritas kelas menengah dengan orientasi pada stabilitas ekonomi jangka pendek, meski mengorbankan prinsip-prinsip demokrasi. Temuan ini menegaskan tantangan besar bagi pembangunan kesadaran kolektif kelas menengah untuk mendukung demokrasi yang lebih substansial.
Kata kunci: Kelas menengah, Kemunduran Demokrasi, Populisme, Pemilu 2024, Otokratisasi.
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