KETIDAKSEIMBANGAN HUMAN, MACHINE, ORGANIZATION SEBAGAI TANTANGAN TATA KELOLA DIGITAL DESA: STUDI KASUS DESA MALATIRO, KABUPATEN MAMASA

Abstract

The rapid development of digital technology has transformed governance practices, including at the local level. However, the implementation of digital governance in rural contexts remains uneven, primarily due to limitations in human resource capacity, technological infrastructure, and institutional readiness. This study aims to analyze the integration of human, machine, and organization dimensions in realizing digital governance in Malatiro Village. The study employs a qualitative case study approach, with data collection techniques including in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis involving village officials, community members, and relevant stakeholders. Data were analyzed using an interactive analysis model and interpreted through the human–machine–organization framework. The findings indicate that the implementation of digital governance in Malatiro Village is still at an early stage of digitalization and is characterized by structural misalignment among the three dimensions. In the human dimension, limited digital literacy, low technical capacity, and rigid mental and emotional responses constitute the main barriers to digital system adoption. In the machine dimension, infrastructure limitations, unstable internet connectivity, and suboptimal utilization of information systems hinder technology from functioning effectively as an enabler. Meanwhile, in the organization dimension, the absence of strategic policies, weak institutional structures, and limited leadership commitment impede the sustainability of digital transformation. This study contributes to the literature on digital governance by demonstrating that successful digital transformation at the village level critically depends on a balanced integration of human capacity, technological readiness, and organizational support. In addition, it highlights the importance of psychological and cultural factors in influencing technology adoption, which are often overlooked in previous studies. Practically, these findings emphasize the need for a holistic and integrative strategy to strengthen digital governance in rural areas.

Keywords: digital governance; human–machine–organization; digital transformation; village governance; capacity building